Tenyi Biotec). The purity and B cell composition of each donor were assessed by flow cytometry, staining for CD19allophycocyanin (HIB19; BD), IgD-FITC (IA6-2; BD), CD38-PECy (HB7; BD), CD27-PE (M-T271; BD), and DAPI (5.7 ; Sigma-Aldrich) employing an LSR II or Fortessa (BD) and analyzed using FlowJo application (TreeStar). EBV infection of major human B cells Negatively selected B cells were SHH Protein custom synthesis incubated with B95-8 virus ontaining supernatant for 1.five h, with shaking each 30 min (37 , 5 CO2). Thereafter, the cells had been washed with PBS (300 ?g, ten min) and resuspended in total medium at a concentration of 2 ?106 cells/ml. Three days postinfection, supernatants have been collected and centrifuged at 3000 ?g for 30 min prior to storage at -80 . Confocal laser scanning microscopy evaluation A total of three ?105 negatively selected B cells (purity 90 ) was incubated in 250 comprehensive medium with 40 PKH67-labeled exosomes in polypropylene tubes (Becton Dickinson) for 4 h at 37 (five CO2). Cells were washed twice with PBS (400 ?g, five min) and fixed with 2 formaldehyde (Merck) for 10 min at room temperature. Cells had been washed twice and incubated with purified human Ig (Sigma-Aldrich) and anti-CD19 (HIB19; BD Pharmingen) for 30 min at space temperature. Washed cells have been incubated with a secondary Ab Alexa Fluor 564 (Invitrogen) for 30 min at area temperature. Cells have been washed and centrifuged (Cytospin3; Shandon) on microscopy slides (Menzel-Gl er), and VECTASHIELD HardSet Mounting Medium (Vector Laboratories) was applied. For each sample, 150 cells were analyzed for surface-bound or internalized PKH67-labeled exosomes by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) (Leica TCS SP2 AOBS). B cell apoptosis assay Negatively selected B cells have been applied with a purity 93 (n = 4; two donors in Barcelona and two donors in Stockholm). A total of 1.8 ?105 B cells was cultured in full medium for 24 h in 200 (96-well round-bottom plates; BD). Cells have been either left unstimulated or stimulated with soluble MegaCD40L (100 ng/ml; Enzo Life Sciences) and IL-21 (50 ng/ml; Invitrogen) or with 15 B cell erived exosomes/well. Subsequently, B cells have been incubated with purified human Ig (Sigma-Aldrich) and stained with anti-CD19?allophycocyanin (HIB19; BD Pharmingen) for 30 min at 4 . Cells have been washed with PBS (350 ?g, five min) and stained with an FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I (BD Pharmingen), based on the manufacturer’s directions. A total of two ?104 cells was acquired by flow cytometry (LSR II or Fortessa; BD) and analyzed with FlowJo computer software. Cells had been gated as follows: forward scatter (FSC) region (FSC-A) versus side scatter (SSC) area (SSC-A), FSC-A versus FSC height (FSC-H) for doublet exclusion, CD19+. The morphology of cells was documented making use of a light microscope (Axiovert 25; Zeiss) and Leica application (Zeiss).NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptJ Immunol. Author manuscript; IL-34, Mouse (HEK293, His) accessible in PMC 2014 September 24.Gutzeit et al.PageProliferation of PBMCs PBMCs were isolated from wholesome blood donors (Blood Transfusion Center Solna). A total of ten ?106 PBMCs was labeled at space temperature with 1.5 CFSE (CellTrace CFSE Cell Proliferation Kit; Invitrogen) for three min. Labeled PBMCs were washed three instances with total medium (400 ?g, 7 min) and cultured in total medium at a density of two.5 ?105 cells/200 (96-well flat bottom plates; BD). PBMCs had been either left unstimulated (unstimulated handle [co]) or stimulated with.
