Rg.tw College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Healthcare University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technologies, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan; [email protected] Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Study, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; [email protected] (G.-P.C.-C.); [email protected] (S.L.) Super Micro Mass Investigation and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +886-975-056-995; Fax: +886-7733-Abstract: Maternal chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to offspring hypertension. The gut microbiome and its tryptophan metabolites, nitric oxide (NO), and renin ngiotensin method (RAS) are closely associated with the improvement of hypertension.Uteroglobin/SCGB1A1 Protein custom synthesis Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) has shown an anti-hypertensive effect.MIF Protein Formulation Our objective was to test whether or not L- or D-cysteine supplementation in pregnancy can prevent hypertension programmed by maternal CKD in adult offspring and to explore the protective mechanisms. CKD was induced in pregnant Sprague Dawley rats by a 0.five adenine diet for 3 weeks. L- or D-cysteine was supplemented at eight mmol/kg physique weight/day in the course of pregnancy. Male offspring have been sacrificed in the age of 12 weeks (n = eight per group). Maternal CKD-induced hypertension was similarly prevented by L- or D-cysteine supplementation. The protective effects of L- and D-cysteine are related to lowering oxidative stress, rebalancing the RAS, and reshaping the gut microbiome.PMID:23443926 L-cysteine therapy protected adult offspring against hypertension and was linked with enhanced H2 S production, restoration of NO bioavailability, enhancement of beneficial genera Oscillibacter and Butyricicoccus, depletion of indole-producing genera Alistipes and Akkermansia, as well as the reduction of a number of indole metabolites. D-cysteine remedy increased kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and xanthurenic acid inside the kynurenine pathway, decreased 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin inside the serotonin pathway, and enriched genera Bacteroides and Odoribacter abundance. In summary, these results recommend that L- and D-cysteine protect against maternal CKD-induced offspring hypertension, most likely by enhancing H2 S production, modulating gut microbiota and its derived metabolites, along with the restoration of NO and RAS. Search phrases: chronic kidney illness; cysteine; hypertension; developmental origins of well being and illness (DOHaD); renin ngiotensin method; gut microbiota; hydrogen sulfide; indoleCopyright: 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This short article is definitely an open access post distributed under the terms and situations on the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ four.0/).1. Introduction An growing body of data highlights pregnancy and lactation as a crucial period upon which maternal insults may well shape wellness and disease within the resulting offspring, now referred to as the Developmental Origins of Well being and Disease (DOHaD) [1]. Women withAntioxidants 2022, 11, 483. doi.org/10.3390/anti.
