Ion among good impact vs. decreased unfavorable Hart et al. (49) anxious and non-anxious participants influence Cooper and – Comparing self-administration of cannabis vs. Haney (50) benzodiazepines in anxious participants Metrik et al. (51) – Assessing cannabis effects on tasks indexing AT1 Receptor Agonist Storage & Stability anxiety Hefner et al. states (e.g., the NPU process, which indexes startle (52, 53) response to predictable vs. unpredictable threat) in Haney et al. (54) cannabis customers with anxiety disorders. – Could assess participants’ response to cannabis intoxication or examine effects of continued use vs. abstinence Haney et al. (55) – Following initial displaying acute cannabis effects on Hart et al. (46) psychiatrically-relevant outcomes, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) custom synthesis research can explore Ramaekers et al. regardless of whether the magnitude of those effects declines with (73) continued administration – Exploring for dose-dependency by comparing cannabis varietals with varied concentration of THC and also other phytocannabinoids (Continued)Unfavorable reinforcement withdrawal1. Withdrawal/abstinence paradigms can model Typically calls for inpatient admission cannabis use to mitigate unfavorable influence 2. Differentiating adverse affect connected to Abstinence paradigms might be much less logistically/ethically withdrawal vs. psychopathology might difficult to conduct than cannabis administration be challenging paradigms Also can incorporate tasks to measure intoxication effects on unfavorable have an effect on Some acute cannabis effects (e.g., on impulse handle, and so forth.) may perhaps persist even with repeated administration tolerance to psychotropic effects isn’t clearly establishedDose-dependence Repeated-administration styles can recognize Tolerance tolerance to physiological and intoxication effects Also can examine effects of distinctive doses/concentrationsLaboratory Models of Cannabis in PsychiatryFrontiers in Psychiatry | www.frontiersin.org 5 February 2021 | Volume 12 | ArticleKayser et al.TABLE 1 | Continued Category Model Advantages Challenges Publications Instance applications in sufferers with anxiousness disordersPotential pharmacological treatmentsTherapeutic applications of cannabisCan address the essential have to have for placebo-controlled – Assessing acute effects of cannabis in individuals with Controlled laboratory environments may perhaps Vadhan et al. research of cannabis effects anxiety problems by very first administering a single dose not reflect cannabis use in (36) Within-subjects, repeated-measures styles permit Kayser et al. (37) of cannabis followed by repeated assessments of selfnaturalistic settings trials to be performed effectively with adequate reported anxiety, cardiovascular measures (e.g., heart Researchers are at present restricted to statistical power even at modest sample sizes price), and threat response making use of NIDA-produced cannabis Human laboratory as a translational bridge to screen Participants in laboratory research could – Applying within-subjects styles to evaluate the effects promising therapeutic applications for cannabis prior of distinct cannabis varietals (e.g., high-THC, differ from basic psychiatric populations high-CBD) vs. placebo to investing in large-scale clinical trials four. Distinct challenges according to Let testing of cannabis’ behavioral, physiological, illness becoming studied (e.g., danger for psychological, and neurocognitive targets, which is psychosis in people with aligned with existing NIMH initiatives to recognize bipolar disorder) objective measures of psychopathology and enhance clinical trials Therapies for shared symptoms.
